How 'Toxic' Is Delhi's Air? Study Sheds Light

  • | Sunday | 23rd July, 2017

"The presence of toxic components may be less, but we have to keep in mind the sheer abundance of particulate matter in Delhi's air. The fact that Delhi's air is laden with ultrafine particulates is undisputed. But does that automatically make it "toxic"?A study has found that the ultrafine particulates in Delhi's air, mainly PM2.5 and PM10, are made of relatively less harmful chemical components.Scientist Gufran Beig, project director of System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting And Research (SAFAR) that undertook the study last December, told PTI that the chemical characterisation of particulates i.e. "To assess the actual impact of pollution on an individual, factoring in the chemical characterisation of pollutants is crucial. what they are made of chemically, primarily decides the toxicity of air.According to a SAFAR analysis, in Delhi, around 7.6 per cent of the particulates are made of black carbon (BC).

SO4 - 7 per cent, elementary carbon - 7.6 per cent, OC (Organic Carbon)- 28.9 per cent, NO3 (Nitrate) - 12 per cent, salt - 1 per cent, Ammonia - 4.6 per cent and crustal matters like Aluminium - 38.4 per cent.Prolonged exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 beyond prescribed limits can cause harm to the respiratory system as the ultra fine particulates can find their way deep into the lungs and also enter the bloodstream.The prescribed 24-hour-average of PM2.5 is 60 micrograms per cubic metre while the same is 100 in case of PM10. "To assess the actual impact of pollution on an individual, factoring in the chemical characterisation of pollutants is crucial. One should not jump to conclusion purely based on figures of particulates captured by monitoring stations," he said.Delhi had experienced a severe episode of smog last November when the Diwali fireworks had pushed pollution to an alarming level.During that period, or in case of the episode of biomass burning, the air was likely to have been highly toxic due to a deadly cocktail of harmful respirable pollutants and gases, which bursting of firecrackers produce.

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