Efforts have intensified to increase the number of electric vehicles around the world. In India too, e-vehicles are being promoted under the goal of reducing carbon emissions, but despite this, they have not received much promotion.

Many reasons are given behind this, but the two biggest reasons that have come to the fore so far, one is the huge lack of infrastructure for e-vehicles. Now announcing to overcome these shortcomings, Union Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari has said that his ministry is in talks with a foreign company for the construction of an electric highway from Delhi to Jaipur.

Most of the buyers of electric vehicles have complained that the government or private companies have not provided charging stations on common highways and expressways.

Due to this they have very less resources to charge their vehicles. On the other hand, due to the low prevalence and technology of EV vehicles, the prices of their spare parts are also very high. Due to this, these vehicles prove to be expensive compared to conventional petrol-diesel or CNG-run vehicles.

Emphasizing on solving this problem, Nitin Gadkari said, “It is my dream to build an electric highway from Delhi to Jaipur. It is still a proposed project. Gadkari said that as a transport minister, he has resolved to eliminate the use of petrol and diesel in the country. He also committed to promote e-vehicles in the country and create infrastructure for it.

There is no need to make an electric highway any different from a conventional highway. That is, conventional vehicles and electric vehicles can run together on the same highway. However, while petrol-diesel-run vehicles have to stop midway on the highway for refueling, e-cars running on electric highways do not have to deal with this problem. In such a highway, such arrangements are made for e-car, e-truck or e-bus so that they get charged as soon as they move on the road.

1. Pantograph Model
So far, three types of technologies are used to charge a vehicle in the electric highway. The first technique is the use of overhead cables on the highway. This is called the Pantograph Model. This technology is considered to be the best in India. With this technology, a contact arm is provided on top of the e-vehicle for charging. This part of any e-vehicle gets attached to a network of overhead cables for charging while it is on the road. Due to this, the car keeps charging continuously while moving on the highway. Currently, Germany is using this technology on its electric roads.

2. Conduction Model
Apart from this, e-highways work on two more technologies in the world. The first technology is roads for charging vehicles. In these, the contact arms of the vehicles are placed at the bottom and they carry charging from the road. This technique is called the conduction model. However, this requires the construction of special roads that generate electromagnetic current, which in itself is a costly affair.

3. Induction Model
The third technology is that of the induction model, where the vehicles do not require any contact arm for charging. In these, the vehicles are charged with the electro-magnetic technology installed in the road and the vehicle. At present, Sweden is building its e-highway on the conduction model. Experts believe that pantograph models are the best for India, as they are very similar to India`s rail network and they save money along with energy consumption.

From Europe to Asia and America, e-vehicle policies are currently being implemented to reduce carbon emissions. Under this, the construction of electric highways is going on in countries like Germany and Sweden. In 2018, Sweden first built the world`s first electrified roads, which charge the batteries of cars and trucks while they are running.

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